微生物固定化载体材料研究进展

载体材料在微生物固定化技术中发挥着关键作用。阐述了固定化技术对载体材料性能的要求。对天然载体、合成高分子载体、人工无机载体、复合载体等不同载体材料的研究与应用进行了综述。各类材料各有其优点及其适用性,认为新型改性复合载体材料的研究是今后主要的发展方向。     

纳米微球在生物医药领域的应用

纳米微球技术是近年来在生物技术应用中最为热门的前沿技术之一。各种微球产品的应用给生物技术研究带来了新的课题,形成了众多新的研究领域。从生物技术的发展现状和未来方向出发,对纳米微球在生物医药研究中几个重要领域的应用前案进行了综述。     

接枝变性淀粉浆料的研究现状及进展

介绍了接枝变性淀粉浆料的研究现状,分析了当前接枝变性淀粉浆料研究中存在的优缺点,并剖析研究进展缓慢的原因,指出接枝变性淀粉浆料的研究还存在着诸多不完善之处,需进行系统研究,以促进接枝变性淀粉浆料的发展。     

Preparation and Properties of Smart Thermal Control and Radiation Protection Materials for Multi-functional Structure of Small Spacecraft

Considering the unique properties of small spacecraft,such as light weight,low power-consumption and high heat flux density,a new kind of lightweight boron carbide(B 4 C) radiation-protection coating material was proposed.New techniques for preparing LSMO thermal control coating and B 4 C radiation-protection coating were developed.The sample piece of multi-functional structure was manufactured by using the proposed materials,and a series of performance tests,such as thermal control and radiation-protection behaviors were evaluated.Test results show that:the emissivity of the multi-functional structure varies from 0.42 to 0.86 at 240 K to 353 K and the phase transition temperature is about 260 K.The electron radiation-protection ability of the multi-functional structure is 3.3 times better than that of Al material.The performance index of this multi-functional structure can meet the requirements for space application in on-board electronic equipment.     

Three-dimensional formulation of a mixed corotational thin-walled beam element incorporating shear and warping deformation

This paper presents a corotational formulation of a three-dimensional elasto-plastic mixed beam element that can undergo large displacements and rotations. The corotational approach applies to a two-noded element a coordinate system which continuously translates and rotates with the element. In this way, the rigid body motion is separated out from the deformational motion. In this paper, a mixed formulation is adopted for the derivation of the local element tangent stiffness matrix and nodal forces based on a two-field Hellinger–Reissner variational principle. The local beam kinematics is based on a low-order nonlinear strain expression using Timoshenko assumption. The warping effects are characterized by adopting Benscoter theory that describes the warping degree of freedom by an independent function. Shape functions that satisfy the nonlinear local equilibrium equations are selected for the interpolation of the stress resultants. This local element, together with the corotational framework, can be used to analyze the nonlinear buckling and postbuckling of thin-walled beams with generic cross-section. The mixed formulation solution is compared against the results obtained from a corotational displacement-based formulation having the same beam kinematics. The superiority of the mixed formulation is clearly demonstrated.     

Diffusion-controlled reference material for volatile organic compound emissions testing: Pilot inter-laboratory study

To improve the reliability and accuracy of tests used to measure emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from samples of interior building products, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Virginia Tech (VT) have created a program to develop reference materials with independently predictable emission rates. A diffusive reference material and associated mechanistic model have been developed and are undergoing extensive evaluation. As part of this process, a pilot inter-laboratory study (ILS) was conducted with four laboratories using a polymer material loaded with toluene as the reference source. Results showed the prototype material to be a relatively stable, homogeneous source with consistent emissions both within and between production batches. A comparison of toluene emission rates determined by the laboratories showed relative standard deviations as low as 9%, which are significantly lower than inter-laboratory variations for most previous ILS exercises with VOC sources. At a sample time of 48 h, the mean measured toluene emission rate for all four laboratories was within 1% of the model predicted value. The success of this pilot ILS is a key step toward being able to provide a VOC reference material for independent validation of VOC emission tests conducted in small chambers.     

Microstructural fabrication and design of sunlight guide panels of inorganic-organic hybrid material

This study demonstrates a sunlight guide panel with a UV-imprinted microstructure that improves sunlight utilization in buildings. The panel that was assembled to the transoms of a building guides sunlight from outdoors to enhance indoor lighting. To match the requirements of outdoor applications, an inorganic-organic hybrid material was adopted for high weather resistance and transparency. An optical analysis was conducted for outgoing angles of sunlight through the guide panel to study the effect of the angle of solar elevation, wavelength of the sunlight, wear ratio of the microstructure, and scale of the microstructure. The micropatterns of the panel included 90° feature with pitches of 50 and 100 μm, as well as 45° feature with pitch of 50 μm. The experimental results showed good pattern fidelity and a high energy efficiency in the imprinted panel. The optical performance of the sunlight guide panel was measured and found to be consistent with the simulated prediction.     

城市规划视角下的“重庆建筑”探析

从城市规划管控的角度,在分析重庆建筑文化历史脉络的基础上,提出重庆建筑风格的概念,阐述重庆建筑的内涵和属性,并结合具体实践提出推行重庆建筑的工作和措施。     

施工笔记——临时安置房建造实验

针对5·1 2地震后交通不便的受灾地区,进行临时安置房的建造实验。临时安置房采用当地材料,造价低。减少了材料的运输环节,可行性高;屋顶和墙体具有较好的保温隔热性能,提高了房屋的舒适性。这种舒适、环保、廉价并可自行搭建的临时安置房,能使用3年,可作为板房和帐篷的一种补充。     

设计基础课程中的材料教学

继空间、建构、表皮之后,材料研究是近年来建筑学理论与实践领域关注的又一个重点。其引入建筑学教育中的具体任务和方式是教学研究的重要内容。初步探讨了在设计基础课程中材料教学的基本框架和练习方式,列举了教学改革中的应用成果,并辨析了材料教学与空间、建造教学的关系。